The use of marijuana in pregnancy is not recommended. Research indicates that the active chemical delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol or THC readily crosses the placenta. (1) It has been suggested that regular use of marijuana can lead to low birth weight and premature delivery of the infant. (2,3,4) However, there is no evidence to suggest that marijuana use during pregnancy increases the risk of fetal malformations. (5)
References:
1. Blackard C, Tennes K: Human placental transfer of cannabinoids. N Engl J Med 311:797, 1984.
2. Fried PA et al: Marijuana use during pregnancy and decreased length of gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 150:23- 27, 1984.
3. Hingson R et al: Effects of maternal drinking and marijuana. Pediatrics. 70:539-45, 1982.
4. Zuckerman R et al: Effects of maternal marijuana and cocaine use on fetal growth. N Eng J Med 320:762-8, 1989.
5. Witter FR, Niebyl JR: Marijuana use in pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. Am J Perinat 7:36-38, 1990.
